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Ethical non-monogamy (ENM): Definition, obstacles, and benefits

Anna Iovine, Anna Iovine
October 21, 2025 at 03:37 PM
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Ethical non-monogamy (ENM): Definition, obstacles, and benefits

Key Takeaways

  • The term "ethical non-monogamy" (ENM) has seen a 213% search spike recently, indicating growing public interest.
  • Experts prefer the terms "consensual non-monogamy" (CNM) or simply "non-monogamy" over ENM.
  • Consensual non-monogamy is defined as having multiple concurrent relationships with the full knowledge and consent of everyone involved.
  • Non-monogamy is an umbrella term covering styles like polyamory, open relationships, swinging, and cuckolding.
  • The rise in non-monogamy's visibility is attributed to cultural questioning, existential crises (like COVID), and increased pop culture representation.

The concept of "ethical non-monogamy" (ENM), an umbrella term for any relationship structure other than monogamy, has seen a significant 213% spike in online searches over the last year. Relationship experts consulted by Mashable suggest that "consensual non-monogamy" (CNM) or simply "non-monogamy" are more precise terms, as ethicality should be assumed; otherwise, the arrangement constitutes cheating. CNM is broadly defined as having multiple concurrent romantic or sexual relationships with the full consent of all parties. Variations under this broad category include polyamory (many loves), open relationships (often a primary partner with other sexual connections), swinging, and cuckolding. Experts speculate that the rise in popularity might be linked to cultural shifts following events like the 2016 election and the existential crises prompted by the COVID-19 pandemic, alongside increased representation in pop culture and among celebrities.

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